1 Sovereign – County of Namur

In 1713, the County of Namur found itself in a complex monetary situation, deeply influenced by its political status. Following the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, Namur was formally transferred from Spanish to Austrian Habsburg rule, becoming part of the Austrian Netherlands. However, this political shift did not immediately simplify its currency system. Namur operated within a fragmented monetary landscape where numerous foreign coins, particularly French livres, Dutch guilders, and Brabant patards, circulated alongside local issues. The lack of a strong, unified regional currency led to chronic instability, confusion in trade, and the problem of worn or debased coins.

The county's economy was fundamentally agrarian, with limited industrial activity beyond some ironworking and leather production. This meant that daily transactions for most citizens were small-scale, relying heavily on low-value copper and billon (debased silver) coins. The valuation of these coins was often arbitrary and subject to local proclamation, creating discrepancies between Namur's standards and those of neighbouring territories like Brabant or Liège. This fragmentation was a significant hindrance to commerce and economic development, as merchants constantly faced exchange risks and calculation difficulties.

Ultimately, the currency situation in Namur in 1713 was one of transition and disorder, awaiting reform from its new Austrian rulers. While the Habsburgs desired to impose greater monetary uniformity across their Netherlands possessions to facilitate taxation and administration, effective centralised control remained a future prospect. Therefore, the county's daily reality was defined by a cumbersome multiplicity of coins, fluctuating values, and the practical challenges of an economy caught between old regional habits and the nascent authority of a distant imperial power.